WORKLIST ENTRIES (1):
MTECHINOIDEA View alignment View Structure Echinoidea (sea urchin) metallothionein signature
Type of fingerprint: COMPOUND with 4 elements
Links:
PRINTS; PR00858 MTCRUSTACEAN; PR00859 MTPROKARYOTE; PR00860 MTVERTEBRATE
PRINTS; PR00872 MTDIPTERA; PR00874 MTFUNGIIV; PR00875 MTMOLLUSC
PRINTS; PR00876 MTNEMATODE; PR00877 MTPLANTPEC
INTERPRO; IPR001396
PROTOMAP; P04734
PFAM; PF00131 metalthio
Creation date 26-JUN-1998; UPDATE 27-JUN-1999
1. KAGI, J.H.R.
Overview of Metallothioneins.
METHODS ENZYMOL. 205 613-626 (1991).
2. KAGI, J.H.R. AND KOJIMA, Y.
Chemistry and biochemistry of metallothionein.
EXPERIENTIA SUPPL. 52 25-61 (1987).
3. KAGI, J.H.R. AND SCHAFFER, A.
Biochemistry of metallothionein.
BIOCHEMISTRY 27 8509-8515 (1988).
4. FOWLER, B.A., HILDEBRAND, C.E., KOJIMA, Y. AND WEBB, M.
Nomenclature of metallothionein.
EXPERIENTIA SUPPL. 52 21 (1987).
5. KOJIMA, Y.
Definitions and nomenclature of metallothioneins.
METHODS ENZYMOL. 205 8-10 (1991).
6. BINZ, P.-A. AND KAGI, J.H.R.
Molecular evolution of the metallothionein. Suggestions for a natural
classification system.
IN FOURTH INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON METALLOTHIONEIN, KANSAS CITY (USA), 1997.
Metallothioneins (MT) are small proteins that bind heavy metals, such as
zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, etc.. They have a high content of cysteine
residues that bind the metal ions through clusters of thiolate bonds [1-3]
(http://www.unizh.ch/~mtpage/MT.html). An empirical classification into
three classes has been proposed by Fowler et al. [4] and Kojima [5]. Members
of class I are defined to include polypeptides related in the positions of
their cysteines to equine MT-1B, and include mammalian MTs as well as MTs
from crustaceans and molluscs. Class II groups MTs from a variety of
species, including sea urchins, fungi, insects and cyanobacteria. Class
III MTs are atypical polypeptides composed of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl
units [4].
This original classification system has been found to be limited, in the
sense that it does not allow clear differentiation of patterns of structural
similarities, either between or within classes. Consequently, all class I
and class II MTs (the proteinaceous sequences) have now been grouped into
families of phylogenetically-related and thus alignable sequences [6]
(http://www.unizh.ch/~mtpage/classif.html). This system subdivides the MT
superfamily into families, subfamilies, subgroups, and isolated isoforms
and alleles.
The metallothionein superfamily comprises all polypeptides that resemble
equine renal metallothionein in several respects [4]: e.g., low molecular
weight; high metal content; amino acid composition with high Cys and low
aromatic residue content; unique sequence with characteristic distribution
of cysteines, and spectroscopic manifestations indicative of metal thiolate
clusters. A MT family subsumes MTs that share particular sequence-specific
features and are thought to be evolutionarily related. The inclusion of a
MT within a family presupposes that its amino acid sequence is alignable
with that of all members. Fifteen MT families have been characterised, each
family being identified by its number and its taxonomic range: e.g., Family
1: vertebrate MTs.
Echinoidea (Sea urchin, family 4) MTs are 64-67 residue proteins, in which
20 conserved cysteines bind divalent metal ions. The protein is arranged
into two domains, the N-terminal domain containing 9 Cys residues and the
C-terminal domain having 11 cysteines. In particular, the consensus pattern
P-D-x-K-C-V-C-C-x(5)-C-x-C-x(4)-C-C-x(4)-C-C-x(4,6)-C-C has been found to
be diagnostic of family 4 MTs. The protein is induced by and binds various
heavy metal ions.
MTECHINOIDEA is a 4-element fingerprint that provides a signature for
echinoidea (sea urchin, family 4) metallothioneins. The fingerprint was
derived from an initial alignment of 6 sequences: motif 1 contains 5 metal-
binding Cys residues; motifs 2 and 3 each include 4 cysteines; and motif 4
contains 6 Cys residues. Motifs 1 to 3 fully span the characteristic
consensus pattern. Two iterations on OWL30.1 were required to reach
convergence, at which point a true set comprising 7 sequences was
identified.
An update on SPTR37_9f identified a true set of 5 sequences.
SUMMARY INFORMATION
5 codes involving 4 elements
0 codes involving 3 elements
0 codes involving 2 elements
COMPOSITE FINGERPRINT INDEX
4| 5 5 5 5
3| 0 0 0 0
2| 0 0 0 0
--+---------------------
| 1 2 3 4
True positives..
MT_STENE MTA_STRPU MTB_STRPU O02033
MT_PARLI
PROTEIN TITLES
MT_STENE METALLOTHIONEIN (MT) - STERECHINUS NEUMAYERI (ANTARTIC SEA U
MTA_STRPU METALLOTHIONEIN-A (MTA) - STRONGYLOCENTROTUS PURPURATUS (PUR
MTB_STRPU METALLOTHIONEIN-B (MTB) - STRONGYLOCENTROTUS PURPURATUS (PUR
O02033 METALLOTHIONEIN - LYTECHINUS PICTUS (PAINTED SEA URCHIN).
MT_PARLI METALLOTHIONEIN (MT) - PARACENTROTUS LIVIDUS (COMMON SEA URC
SCAN HISTORY
OWL30_1 2 100 NSINGLE
SPTR37_9f 2 50 NSINGLE
INITIAL MOTIF SETS
MTECHINOIDEA1 Length of motif = 16 Motif number = 1
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif I - 1
PCODE ST INT
PDTKCVCCQDGKQCPC MT_PARLI 1 1
PDVKCVCCKEGKECAC MTA_STRPU 2 2
PDVKCVCCKEGNECAC MTB_STRPU 2 2
PDVKCVCCQDGKECPC MTA_SPHGR 3 3
PDVKCVCCQDGEECPC MTB_SPHGR 3 3
PDVKCVCCKEGKECAC MT_STENE 2 2
MTECHINOIDEA2 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 2
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif II - 1
PCODE ST INT
GQECCITGKCCKDG MT_PARLI 18 1
GQDCCKTGECCKDG MTA_STRPU 19 1
GQDCCTIGKCCKDG MTB_STRPU 19 1
GGECCITGSCCKEG MTA_SPHGR 20 1
GGECCITGTCCKEG MTB_SPHGR 20 1
GKECCTTGECCKDG MT_STENE 19 1
MTECHINOIDEA3 Length of motif = 11 Motif number = 3
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif III - 1
PCODE ST INT
CCGTCSNAACK MT_PARLI 35 3
CCGICTNAACK MTA_STRPU 34 1
CCGKCSNAACK MTB_STRPU 34 1
CCGKCSNAACK MTA_SPHGR 37 3
CCGKCSNAACK MTB_SPHGR 37 3
CCGKCTNAACK MT_STENE 34 1
MTECHINOIDEA4 Length of motif = 19 Motif number = 4
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif IV - 1
PCODE ST INT
CTGGCKCEGGCVCTEGNCT MT_PARLI 46 0
CANGCKCGSGCSCTEGNCA MTA_STRPU 45 0
CADGCTCGSGCSCTEGNCP MTB_STRPU 46 1
CADGCKCGSGCSCTLGNCT MTA_SPHGR 48 0
CADGCKCGSGCSCTLGNCT MTB_SPHGR 48 0
CADGCKCGSGCSCTEGNCA MT_STENE 45 0
FINAL MOTIF SETS
MTECHINOIDEA1 Length of motif = 16 Motif number = 1
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif I - 2
PCODE ST INT
PDVKCVCCKEGKECAC MT_STENE 2 2
PDVKCVCCKEGKECAC MTA_STRPU 2 2
PDVKCVCCKEGNECAC MTB_STRPU 2 2
PDVKCFCCRDGKECAC O02033 4 4
PDTKCVCCQDGKQCPC MT_PARLI 1 1
MTECHINOIDEA2 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 2
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif II - 2
PCODE ST INT
GKECCTTGECCKDG MT_STENE 19 1
GQDCCKTGECCKDG MTA_STRPU 19 1
GQDCCTIGKCCKDG MTB_STRPU 19 1
GGECCITGKCCKEG O02033 21 1
GQECCITGKCCKDG MT_PARLI 18 1
MTECHINOIDEA3 Length of motif = 11 Motif number = 3
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif III - 2
PCODE ST INT
CCGKCTNAACK MT_STENE 34 1
CCGICTNAACK MTA_STRPU 34 1
CCGKCSNAACK MTB_STRPU 34 1
CCGKCSNAACK O02033 38 3
CCGTCSNAACK MT_PARLI 35 3
MTECHINOIDEA4 Length of motif = 19 Motif number = 4
Sea-urchin metallothionein motif IV - 2
PCODE ST INT
CADGCKCGSGCSCTEGNCA MT_STENE 45 0
CANGCKCGSGCSCTEGNCA MTA_STRPU 45 0
CADGCTCGSGCSCTEGNCP MTB_STRPU 46 1
CADGCKCEGACACTMGNCT O02033 49 0
CTGGCKCEGGCVCTEGNCT MT_PARLI 46 0
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