WORKLIST ENTRIES (1):
MTNEMATODE View alignment Nematode metallothionein signature
Type of fingerprint: COMPOUND with 4 elements
Links:
PRINTS; PR00858 MTCRUSTACEAN; PR00859 MTPROKARYOTE; PR00860 MTVERTEBRATE
PRINTS; PR00872 MTDIPTERA; PR00873 MTECHINOIDEA; PR00874 MTFUNGIIV
PRINTS; PR00875 MTMOLLUSC; PR00877 MTPLANTPEC
INTERPRO; IPR000853
PROTOMAP; P17511
PFAM; PF00131 metalthio
Creation date 26-JUN-1998; UPDATE 10-JUN-1999
1. KAGI, J.H.R.
Overview of Metallothioneins.
METHODS ENZYMOL. 205 613-626 (1991).
2. KAGI, J.H.R. AND KOJIMA, Y.
Chemistry and biochemistry of metallothionein.
EXPERIENTIA SUPPL. 52 25-61 (1987).
3. KAGI, J.H.R. AND SCHAFFER, A.
Biochemistry of metallothionein.
BIOCHEMISTRY 27 8509-8515 (1988).
4. FOWLER, B.A., HILDEBRAND, C.E., KOJIMA, Y. AND WEBB, M.
Nomenclature of metallothionein.
EXPERIENTIA SUPPL. 52 21 (1987).
5. KOJIMA, Y.
Definitions and nomenclature of metallothioneins.
METHODS ENZYMOL. 205 8-10 (1991).
6. BINZ, P.-A. AND KAGI, J.H.R.
Molecular evolution of the metallothionein. Suggestions for a natural
classification system.
IN FOURTH INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON METALLOTHIONEIN, KANSAS CITY (USA), 1997.
7. FREEDMAN, J.H., SLICE, L.W., DIXON, D., FIRE, A. AND RUBIN, C.S.
The novel metallothionein genes of Caenorhabditis elegans. Structural
organization and inducible, cell-specific expression.
J.BIOL.CHEM. 268 2554-2564 (1993).
Metallothioneins (MT) are small proteins that bind heavy metals, such as
zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, etc.. They have a high content of cysteine
residues that bind the metal ions through clusters of thiolate bonds [1-3]
(http://www.unizh.ch/~mtpage/MT.html). An empirical classification into
three classes has been proposed by Fowler et al. [4] and Kojima [5]. Members
of class I are defined to include polypeptides related in the positions of
their cysteines to equine MT-1B, and include mammalian MTs as well as MTs
from crustaceans and molluscs. Class II groups MTs from a variety of
species, including sea urchins, fungi, insects and cyanobacteria. Class
III MTs are atypical polypeptides composed of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl
units [4].
This original classification system has been found to be limited, in the
sense that it does not allow clear differentiation of patterns of structural
similarities, either between or within classes. Consequently, all class I
and class II MTs (the proteinaceous sequences) have now been grouped into
families of phylogenetically-related and thus alignable sequences [6]
(http://www.unizh.ch/~mtpage/classif.html). This system subdivides the MT
superfamily into families, subfamilies, subgroups, and isolated isoforms
and alleles.
The metallothionein superfamily comprises all polypeptides that resemble
equine renal metallothionein in several respects [4]: e.g., low molecular
weight; high metal content; amino acid composition with high Cys and low
aromatic residue content; unique sequence with characteristic distribution
of cysteines, and spectroscopic manifestations indicative of metal thiolate
clusters. A MT family subsumes MTs that share particular sequence-specific
features and are thought to be evolutionarily related. The inclusion of a
MT within a family presupposes that its amino acid sequence is alignable
with that of all members. Fifteen MT families have been characterised, each
family being identified by its number and its taxonomic range: e.g., Family
1: vertebrate MTs.
Nematode (family 6) MTs are 62-74 residue proteins, containing 18 conserved
cysteines and binding 6 cadmium ions. The protein also binds cations of
several transition elements. The cysteine residues are arranged in C-X-C
and X-C-C-X groups. In particular, the consensus pattern K-C-C-x(3)-C-C has
been found to be diagnostic of family 6 metallothioneins. The protein is
induced by cadmium, and is abundantly and exclusively expressed in the
intestinal cells of larvae and adult animals [7].
MTNEMATODE is a 4-element fingerprint that provides a signature for nematode
(family 6) metallothioneins. The fingerprint was derived from an initial
alignment of 2 sequences: motif 1 contains 5 metal-binding Cys residues;
motif 2 includes 6 cysteines and spans the characteristic consensus pattern;
and motifs 3 and 4 encode 4 and 5 Cys residues respectively. A single
iteration on OWL30.1 was required to reach convergence, no further sequences
being identified beyond the starting set. Two partial matches were found,
MTA_COLVI and MTB_COLVI both of which are avian metallothionein fragments
that match motifs 1 and 3.
An update on SPTR37_9f identified no further sequences.
SUMMARY INFORMATION
2 codes involving 4 elements
0 codes involving 3 elements
0 codes involving 2 elements
COMPOSITE FINGERPRINT INDEX
4| 2 2 2 2
3| 0 0 0 0
2| 0 0 0 0
--+---------------------
| 1 2 3 4
True positives..
MT1_CAEEL MT2_CAEEL
PROTEIN TITLES
MT1_CAEEL METALLOTHIONEIN-I (MT-I) - CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
MT2_CAEEL METALLOTHIONEIN-II (MT-II) (METALLOTHIONEIN-LIKE PROTEIN) (M
SCAN HISTORY
OWL30_1 1 100 NSINGLE
SPTR37_9f 2 30 NSINGLE
INITIAL MOTIF SETS
MTNEMATODE1 Length of motif = 13 Motif number = 1
Nematode metallothionein motif I - 1
PCODE ST INT
ACKCDCKNKQCKC MT1_CAEEL 1 1
VCKCDCKNQNCSC MT2_CAEEL 1 1
MTNEMATODE2 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 2
Nematode metallothionein motif II - 1
PCODE ST INT
CECSGDKCCEKYCC MT1_CAEEL 17 3
CDCSDAKCCEQYCC MT2_CAEEL 20 6
MTNEMATODE3 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 3
Nematode metallothionein motif III - 1
PCODE ST INT
CEEASEKKCCPAGC MT1_CAEEL 30 -1
CPTASEKKCCKSGC MT2_CAEEL 33 -1
MTNEMATODE4 Length of motif = 13 Motif number = 4
Nematode metallothionein motif IV - 1
PCODE ST INT
CKGDCKCANCHCA MT1_CAEEL 43 -1
CAGGCKCANCECA MT2_CAEEL 46 -1
FINAL MOTIF SETS
MTNEMATODE1 Length of motif = 13 Motif number = 1
Nematode metallothionein motif I - 2
PCODE ST INT
ACKCDCKNKQCKC MT1_CAEEL 1 1
VCKCDCKNQNCSC MT2_CAEEL 1 1
MTNEMATODE2 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 2
Nematode metallothionein motif II - 2
PCODE ST INT
CECSGDKCCEKYCC MT1_CAEEL 17 3
CDCSDAKCCEQYCC MT2_CAEEL 20 6
MTNEMATODE3 Length of motif = 14 Motif number = 3
Nematode metallothionein motif III - 2
PCODE ST INT
CEEASEKKCCPAGC MT1_CAEEL 30 -1
CPTASEKKCCKSGC MT2_CAEEL 33 -1
MTNEMATODE4 Length of motif = 13 Motif number = 4
Nematode metallothionein motif IV - 2
PCODE ST INT
CKGDCKCANCHCA MT1_CAEEL 43 -1
CAGGCKCANCECA MT2_CAEEL 46 -1
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